69-12: Paper on Winterizing Cooling TowersNot too many years ago when air conditioning installations were pretty well confined to funeral parlors and barber shops and people were wondering if it really paid to air condition an office, if someone had said that air conditioning systems must be available for comfort cooling in sub zero weather, quite a stir would have been raised. Yet this is what is taking place today for a variety of reasons.

One that has received wide spread acceptance is a phosphate/phosphonate treatment through laboratory and filed data

poor design

a psychrometer

the cost of noise with respect to not only fans

To address these issues at a major corn processing plant

Table 1 lists the chemicals and their respective limits that have been set by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the State of Tennessee for plant discharge

at significantly lower system ORP

required for many client applications

how to choose among them

Results indicate that elemental content in drift water (mineral residue) may not be equivalent to the content in the recirculating cooling water of the tower

their components must be tested individually in test cells designed to that effect

Plants faced with severe effluent restrictions have looked to high cycle or zero-blowdown is discussed in light of current phosphonate/polymer technology and a newly developed non-phosphorus scale control additive